What is the function of balancing circuit
In hydraulic systems, the balance circuit is a common control circuit. Its main function is to prevent the load from falling due to gravity and ensure that the system remains stable and safe during movement. The balance circuit controls the movement speed of the hydraulic cylinder or hydraulic motor to prevent the load from suddenly falling or losing control, thereby protecting the safety of equipment and personnel. This article will introduce in detail the role, working principle and practical application scenarios of the balancing loop.
1. The basic function of the balancing circuit
The core function of the balancing loop is toStable load movement, specifically including the following aspects:
1.Prevent the load from free falling: In a hydraulic cylinder installed vertically or tilted, the load may fall quickly due to gravity. The balance circuit limits the oil flow speed through a throttle valve or balance valve to ensure that the load falls slowly and smoothly.
2.Control movement speed: The balance circuit can adjust the movement speed of the hydraulic cylinder to avoid impact or vibration caused by too fast speed.
3.Securing your system: By limiting pressure or flow, the balance loop can prevent system overload or sudden pressure changes and extend the service life of the equipment.
2. Working principle of balancing circuit
The balancing circuit usually consists of a balancing valve (such as a one-way sequence valve or a relief valve) and a throttle valve. Here's a brief explanation of how it works:
1.rising process: Hydraulic oil enters the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder and pushes the piston up. At this time, the balance valve is closed to ensure that the load will not fall by itself due to gravity.
2.descent process: Hydraulic oil enters the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, and the balance valve opens when the system pressure reaches the set value, allowing the oil to flow out of the rodless cavity, but the flow rate is limited by the throttle valve, thereby controlling the falling speed of the load.
3. Practical application of balancing loop
Balance loops are widely used in the following scenarios:
| Application areas | Specific equipment | The role of the balancing circuit |
|---|---|---|
| Construction machinery | Cranes, excavators | Prevent the boom or bucket from suddenly falling due to gravity |
| Machine tool equipment | Hydraulic press, injection molding machine | Control the lowering speed of the mold or workbench |
| Aerospace | landing gear control system | Ensure the landing gear retracts and retracts smoothly |
4. Key points in the design of balancing circuits
When designing a balancing loop, pay attention to the following key parameters:
| parameter | illustrate |
|---|---|
| Balance valve set pressure | Needs to be slightly higher than the pressure generated by the load to ensure the valve opens when needed |
| Throttle valve opening | Adjust oil flow and control load movement speed |
| system pressure | Need to meet load requirements while avoiding overloading |
5. Advantages and Disadvantages of Balanced Loop
1.advantage:
- Effectively prevent load loss and improve safety;
- Simple structure and easy to maintain;
- Suitable for a variety of hydraulic systems.
2.shortcoming:
- Throttle valves may cause energy loss and reduce system efficiency;
- The response speed of the balancing valve may affect the system dynamic performance.
6. Summary
The balance circuit plays a vital role in the hydraulic system. It ensures stable operation of the system by limiting the speed and direction of the load. Whether it is engineering machinery, machine tool equipment or aerospace, balance loops play an irreplaceable role. During design, appropriate balancing valve and throttle valve parameters need to be selected according to specific needs to take into account both safety and efficiency.
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